CONCLUSION

The mountain areas of Greece, Bulgaria, Poland, and Jordan show that green strategies should be place-based. Each mountain has its own ecosystem, cultural identity, tourism pressures, and development opportunities. Mount Olympus requires a strategy that connects biodiversity with mythology and responsible hiking. The Rila Mountains require a balance between protected ecosystems, spiritual heritage, and visitor management. The Polish Carpathians require transnational cooperation, rural resilience, and preservation of highland culture. Jabal Umm ad Dami and Wadi Rum require desert ecosystem protection, water-sensitive tourism, and Bedouin community empowerment.

Across all these regions, sustainable mountain development depends on the same core principles: protecting nature, supporting local communities, valuing cultural and spiritual heritage, strengthening sustainable tourism, and promoting local food systems. Through the PeakED project, these principles can be translated into practical educational activities, Living Labs, and youth-led green entrepreneurship initiatives.